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Unfortunately, pilonidal cysts can come back after surgery. During World War II, these cysts were so common among GIs driving Jeeps that pilonidal disease was referred to as "Jeep seat." If you need surgery, you and a healthcare professional can discuss the pros and cons of the different options. An incision and drainage procedure is typically easier and can be performed in a doctor’s office. But the risk of recurrence is higher than it is for a surgical cyst removal. Pilonidal disease is a relatively common and benign disease process where surgery is usually the definitive treatment.
What to Expect on the Day of Surgery
The outlook for a person with pilonidal cysts is usually positive. Surgical treatment generally allows a person to return to their day-to-day life with little impediment. In this article, we detail the causes and symptoms of pilonidal cysts and explain what a person can do to treat and prevent them. It is very important to keep the wound clean and dry until the skin is fully healed. Your healthcare provider will give you instructions on how to care for the wound, including changing the packing and dressing, and bathing. Pat the area dry after showers, but avoid taking baths until the wound is healed over.
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It typically forms at the top of the buttocks, right between the cleft, which separates the two cheeks. While a pilonidal sinus tract is healing, some measures can be taken at home to be more comfortable and promote healing. A healthcare provider can offer suggestions on how to keep the area clean, such as the choice of soaps and how often to wash the area. A person who is hirsute has more body hair in certain areas, particularly in areas where there is usually little hair. Having a lot of hair in the area between the buttocks may contribute to the development of pilonidal sinus disease.
Surgical cyst removal
To understand whether a pilonidal cyst can go away on its own, it’s essential to grasp what a pilonidal cyst is first. A pilonidal cyst is a pocket or sac filled with hair and skin debris that forms at the top of the buttocks, near the tailbone. This condition occurs when hair follicles become blocked, leading to the accumulation of hair, dirt, and other debris beneath the skin’s surface. First, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, which places pressure on the area where pilonidal cysts develop. If you’re job requires you to sit for most of the day, try to set aside a few minutes every hour to stand up and take a quick walk. People may want to choose razors with narrow heads, such as those marketed for removing hair from the bikini line.
Pilonidal Cyst Surgery Procedures and Recovery
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From this cut, the surgeon then pulls the skin over the original sinus area and sews it down. This procedure typically takes place under general anesthesia and is one of the most effective surgical interventions for pilonidal disease. Once they have incised and drained the cyst, a medical professional may sew the open edges together to form a small pouch.
Pilonidal Sinus Cyst: From Initial Symptoms to Healing
Weigh the pros and cons of treatment with your healthcare provider. A common treatment method for pilonidal cysts and abscesses is incision and drainage. In this procedure, a doctor will remove any hair or hair follicles from the cyst and drain any fluid. Pilonidal disease is a reaction to hair in the gluteal cleft, in which unattached hairs injure or pierce the skin, resulting in a foreign body reaction. The condition, which has an annual incidence of about 70,000, can lead to midline pits or secondary infection.
If symptoms do not resolve or if they return, seek medical attention as soon as possible at your primary care physician or with our office. Pilonidal cysts can be irritating and painful, and impact affect interpersonal relationships and social activity. But the good news is that there are effective removal options. Your doctor will provide you with instructions on how to keep your wound clean.
Research and Statistics: Who Has Pilonidal Cysts and How Prevalent Are These Cysts?
While waiting for your treatment, you can try to manage any pain you may feel by using a warm compress on the affected area to soothe your skin. You might also feel less pain when using an inflatable seat or mattress. Very rarely, your provider may order a CT or MRI to look for any sinus cavities (little holes) which may have formed under the surface of your skin. Leaving the surgical site open to close and heal on its own might be preferred for a better chance of healing well. The decision of open vs. closed will depend on a number of reasons, so the surgeon and the person will decide together which option is best.
If you suspect you have a pilonidal cyst or are experiencing symptoms such as pain, swelling, or drainage, it’s essential to seek medical evaluation promptly. Delaying treatment can lead to the progression of the cyst and may increase the likelihood of complications. A healthcare professional can assess the severity of the cyst, provide appropriate treatment options, and offer guidance on managing symptoms at home. In patients with confirmed pilonidal disease without an abscess, hair removal from the gluteal cleft via shaving or laser epilation is a key treatment. The optimal frequency of shaving is unclear, but the ASCRS recommends at least weekly. It should be noted that a local anesthetic and more than one treatment session may be needed when opting for laser epilation.
If a sinus does form, there may be a need for surgery to remove it. When a pilonidal sinus becomes infected it can turn into an abscess or cyst. It can cause severe pain and may ooze pus and blood and have a strong odor.
Another level of treatment for a cyst would be to open it and drain it. Local anesthetic is used to manage pain, and a small incision is made at the site of the cyst. Antibiotics might be used in some cases after a procedure to open up the cyst. Pain might be treated with over-the-counter (OTC) remedies or the application of warm heat. Hair removal might be recommended by a healthcare provider.
You can share your personal story, read the experiences of others, or drop by the patient forum to ask a question or get tips. People who are overweight may also find that weight loss reduces the risk of cysts developing or recurring. Generally, the outlook for anyone with a pilonidal cyst is excellent, with a complete cure being possible. After you check in on the day of your procedure, you'll be taken to a room to change and have a brief exam. You will review your medical history with a nurse, answer questions about the last time you ate or drank, and have your vitals checked. Pilonidal cysts are less common in people over the age of 40.
Definitive treatment is delayed the majority of the time if there is an acute infection or abscess until after the infection has been addressed. There are many options when it comes to surgical treatment of pilonidal cysts and pilonidal sinuses. The surgical treatment must be individualized to the patient. Lifestyle changes and modifiable risk factors should be addressed and be incorporated into the treatment algorithm.
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